weedsandwildflowers.info PLANT FILES: Dalmatian Toadflax

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DALMATION TOADFLAX Linaria dalmatica

	Provincial Noxious Weed - Perennial also called False Snapdragon Because Dalmatian Toadflax so closely resembles the domestic snapdragons we know and love in our flower gardens, few people recognize it as a noxious weed. Dalmatian toadflax is an erect, short-lived, perennial herb, 0.8 to 1.5 m tall. The plant is hairless and has a frosted look (from a powdery coating), growing from a woody, branching base. The light green, waxy, alternate leaves are heart-shaped and clasp the stem. The flowers are bright yellow, tinged with orange, and resemble snapdragon flowers. It can readily take over farms, ditches, grasslands and logged areas with its capability to be spread from both seed and spreading roots. The roots can reach as long as 3.7 meters and can have many smaller new plants along their length. It grows quickly and mature plants can have as many as 25 flowering stems. Although toxic to animals, few will eat it because of its bad taste. It competes with both natural grasses and crops, reducing hay yields and grazing for both wild and domestic animals. Studies indicate that plots without Dalmatian Toadflax may produce two and a half times as much grass as plots with toadflax (Robocker 1974). Seed is distributed by birds and animals as well as by the wind to new areas. It likes coarse soils and will tolerate lower temperatures. Dalmatian Toadflax's cousin, Yellow Toadflax, is similar and both species have an extensive creeping root system. The most distinctive difference between the species is that Dalmatian Toadflax has broad, heart-shaped leaves that clasp a woody stem; whereas, Yellow Toadflax has narrow, linear leaves with a narrow stem. Control is very difficult as it is resistant to most herbicides. I always pull it as soon as I see it in flower - from late June through August - trying to get as much of the long roots as possible.

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